实例

IP:192.168.1.100

    开发服务器，capistrano 发布服务器     svn地址：svn://192.168.1.100/svnweb     svn发布目录：/app/dev_public IP:192.168.1.200      web服务器 安装

capistrano 基于Ruby管理工具( RubyGames )安装，先安装Ruby，再安装RubyGames，最后安装Capistrano Ruby下载                  

RubyGames下载           

Ruby安装

# tar jxf ruby-1.9.2-p0.tar.bz2 # cd ruby-1.9.2-p0 # ./configure # make && make install  

RubyGames安装

# tar zxv rubygems-1.8.9.tgz # cd rubygems-1.8.9

#  /usr/local/bin/ruby setup.rb  

Capistrano安装

# gem install Capistrano   

配置 

# cd /home/dev_public

# capify . (注意后面的.号)

capify .执行后会在目录里Capfile文件和一个config文件夹，config文件夹里deploy.rb配置文件。

 /home/dev_public

|-- Capfile

`-- config

    `-- deploy.rb  

修改deploy.rb配置文件，内容如下：

# vi    /app/dev_public/config/deploy.rb  

set :application, "dev_public01"

set :repository, "svn://192.168.1.100/svnweb"

set :scm, :subversion

set :scm_username, 'dev_public'

set :scm_password, 'dev_public'

set :checkout, "export"

role :web, "192.168.1.200"

#role :db,  "192.168.1.201"

set :deploy_to, "/opt/webroot/"

set :deploy_via, :copy

set :user, "root"

set :runner, "devpass"

set :password, "devpass"

set :port, 2222

set :use_sudo, true

set :keep_releases, 3

namespace :deploy do

     task :restart, :roles => :web do

         run "sudo chown www:www -R /opt/webroot/"

     end

end  

配置说明：

set :application         定义项目名称

set :repository          svn地址

set :scm                  定义svn名称

set :scm_username         svn用户名

set :scm_password         svn密码

set :checkout             svn执行方式

role :web                 定义web服务器地址，可定义多个

set :deploy_to            定义web服务器目录

set :deploy_via           定义部署文件,copy  

set :user                 web服务器登陆用户名，也可使用ssh密钥登陆

set :runner               web服务器运行用户名    

set :password             web服务器密码

set :port                 web服务器ssh端口

set :use_sudo             使用sudo

set :keep_releases        存储版本个数，执行cap deploy:cleanup清理版本时，保留的版本个数

发布版本时，在web服务器上执行相关命令

namespace :deploy do

     task :restart, :roles => :web do

         run "sudo chown www:www -R /opt/webroot/"

     end

end  

注意 ： 将web服务器的/etc/sudoers文件中的 Defaults    requiretty 注释掉，否则在执行cap deploy:setup时会报以下错误。

sudo: sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo  

发布  

# cd /app/dev_public

# cap deploy:setup         #在web服务器上建相应目录，为发布代码做准备

/opt/webroot / |-- current |-- releases `-- shared     |-- log     |-- pids     `-- system # cap deploy:check            #检查web服务器上文件夹权限 # cap deploy                  #代码发布  

cap deploy:rollback           #可以快速回滚到上一版本

cap deploy:cleanup            #清理版本，且保留版本数量与deploy.rb配置文件set :keep_releases参数有关。  

# cap -vT 可查看相关参数，如下：

cap deploy                   # Deploys your project. cap deploy:check             # Test deployment dependencies. cap deploy:cleanup           # Clean up old releases. cap deploy:cold              # Deploys and starts a `cold' application. cap deploy:create_symlink    # Updates the symlink to the most recently deplo... cap deploy:finalize_update   # [internal] Touches up the released code. cap deploy:migrate           # Run the migrate rake task. cap deploy:migrations        # Deploy and run pending migrations. cap deploy:pending           # Displays the commits since your last deploy. cap deploy:pending:diff      # Displays the `diff' since your last deploy. cap deploy:restart           #  cap deploy:rollback          # Rolls back to a previous version and restarts. cap deploy:rollback:cleanup  # [internal] Removes the most recently deployed ... cap deploy:rollback:code     # Rolls back to the previously deployed version. cap deploy:rollback:revision # [internal] Points the current symlink at the p... cap deploy:setup             # Prepares one or more servers for deployment. cap deploy:start             # Blank task exists as a hook into which to inst... cap deploy:stop              # Blank task exists as a hook into which to inst... cap deploy:symlink           # Deprecated API. cap deploy:update            # Copies your project and updates the symlink. cap deploy:update_code       # Copies your project to the remote servers. cap deploy:upload            # Copy files to the currently deployed version. cap invoke                   # Invoke a single command on the remote servers. cap shell                    # Begin an interactive Capistrano session